UT

MTU Size Reference

Reference for Maximum Transmission Unit sizes by network type.

MTU

1500 B

IP Header

20 B

TCP MSS

1460 B

UDP Payload

1472 B

Efficiency

97.3%

Packet Structure (MTU = 1500)

L2
IP
TCP
Payload (1460B)
MediumMTUTCP MSS (IPv4)Notes
Ethernet (standard)15001460Most common MTU. Default for most networks.
Ethernet (jumbo frames)90008960Used in data center and SAN environments.
PPPoE14921452DSL connections. 8 bytes less than standard Ethernet.
VPN (IPsec tunnel)14001360Varies by encryption. ESP adds overhead.
VPN (WireGuard)14201380Lower overhead than IPsec.
GRE Tunnel1476143624 byte GRE header reduces payload.
VXLAN1450141050 byte VXLAN overhead from encapsulation.
Wi-Fi (802.11)23042264Max frame size. Often capped to 1500 for compatibility.
IPv6 (minimum)12801240Minimum MTU required for IPv6.
Token Ring (4 Mbps)44644424Legacy technology.
FDDI43524312Legacy fiber ring technology.
Loopback (lo)6553565495Local loopback interface. No real network overhead.